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        小學(xué)英語語法:指示代詞

        來源:奧數(shù)網(wǎng)整理 2022-04-28 20:47:19

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          指示代詞

          1) 指示代詞分單數(shù)(this / that)和復(fù)數(shù)(these / those)兩種形式,既可作限定詞又可做代詞,例如:

          限定詞:This girl is Mary.

          Those men are my teachers.

          代詞:This is Mary.

          Those are my teachers.

          2) 指示代詞的句法功能

          a. 作主語

          This is the way to do it.

          這事兒就該這樣做。

          b. 作賓語

          I like this better than that.

          我喜歡這個(gè)甚至那個(gè)。

          c. 作主語補(bǔ)語

          My point is this.

          我的觀點(diǎn)就是如此。

          d. 作介詞賓語

          I don't say no to that.

          我并未拒絕那個(gè)。

          There is no fear of that.

          那并不可怕。

          說明1:指示代詞在作主語時(shí)可指物也可指人,但作其他句子成分時(shí)只能指物,不能指人,例如:

          (對(duì))That is my teacher.--那是我的老師。(that作主語,指人)

          (對(duì))He is going to marry this girl.--他要和這個(gè)姑娘結(jié)婚。(this作限定詞)

          (錯(cuò))He is going to marry this. (this作賓語時(shí)不能指人)

          (對(duì))I bought this.--我買這個(gè)。(this指物,可作賓語)

          說明2:That和those可作定語從句的先行詞,但this和 these不能,同時(shí),在作先行詞時(shí),只有those可指人,試比較:

          (對(duì)) He admired that which looked beautiful.--他贊賞外表漂亮的東西。

          (對(duì)) He admired those who looked beautiful.--他贊賞那些外表漂亮的人。(those指人)

          (錯(cuò)) He admired that who danced well.。╰hat作賓語時(shí)不能指人)

          (對(duì)) He admired those who danced well.--他贊賞跳舞好的人。(those指人)

          (對(duì)) He admired those which looked beautiful.--他贊賞那些外表漂亮的東西。(those指物)

          點(diǎn)擊查看更多:更多語法知識(shí)

         

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